Technically, Perl stands for “practical extraction and report language”, and was originally developed as a general purpose programming language for manipulating text, but has grown into something much more. Perl is now used for a wide range of purposes, from automating system administration tasks, to use in web-based shopping carts, network-and web-development, etc.
Perl is an interpreted language, which means that once you’ve written your source code file, you don’t need to compile the code into a standalone executable file, the way you do with other programming languages such as C or C++. Rather, you launch the interpreter, telling it to run your script, further passing any additional arguments that may be necessary. The interpreter checks and translates your code into something the operating system can use and understand, and then executes the commands in the script. This is a high-level view of things, of course, but my goal with this book isn’t to teach you the philosophy of interpreted programming languages, but instead to give you something you can use.
Technical descriptions and the design of the programming language aside, Perl is a powerful tool for just about anyone involved with computers. Perl is extremely versatile, and can be used to perform a wide variety of tasks, some of which we’ll be looking at in this book.
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